Tuber borchii

Bianchetto truffle or Marzuolo(Tuber borchi Vittadini)

DIFFUSION:it is produced and picked in various european countries.

CULTIVATION AREAS:there are many ares suitable for its cultivation.It is one of the easiest truffles to cultivate.It is picked in the woods at 1500 m above sea level,down to the pine forests on our coast roads.

COMMERCIAL VALUE:quite good for early production,sufficient for the later production.The Marzuolo is a truffle used in the processing industry and is demanded fresh on the market.
PICKING TIME:from December to April.

Tuber borchii Vittad. Monographia tuberacearum p. 45, plIII fig.16(1831)specimens examined:CMI-UNIBO 1166-9 CMI-UNIBO 1178-11 CMI-UNIBO 1183-15 CMI-UNIBO 1185-20 CMI-UNIBO 1185-24
Ascocarp Morphology. Ascocarp subglobose or globose or lobed, orifice or cavity absent, (0.5-)1-5(-10) cm in diameter, yellow or ochre or brown or red, smooth, peridium finely pubescent, color of spore-bearing tissue brown, veins large and rare. Peridium (133-)263-405-547(-713) micron, outermost layers 115-206-300(-399) micron, hyaline (whitish, pale yellowish) or yellow-brown, anatomical structure pseudoparenchymatic with angular cells or pseudoparenchimatic with roundish cells, cell tangential dimension (6-)9-15-21(-29) micron, cell radial dimension (3-)7-10-13(-16) micron, innermost layers (66-)82-232-382(-465) micron, color hyaline, anatomical structure plectenchymatic, cell tangential dimension (3-)7-11-15(-16) micron, cell radial dimension (3-)5-6-7 micron, external cystidia present, Cystidia length (39-)41-55-69(-80) micron, Cystidia basal diameter (3-)4-5-6 micron, Cystidia septa present, Cystidia 1. Sterile veins plectenchimatic.

Asci ans spores Morphology. Asci globose, major axis (63-)71-83-95(-106) micron, minor axis (42-)54-66-78(-90) micron, number of spores per ascus 1-4(-5), irregularly clustered.

Spores ellipsoid or subglobose, major axis (18-)25-29-33(-37) micrometer lenght, minor axis (18-)22-26-30 micrometer lenght, color pale brown or medium brown, reticulation; ornamentation length (2-)3-4-5(-7) micron; mesh width (3-)4-6-8(-9) micron; number of meshes along the major axis (3-)4-5-6(-7).

Distribution. Habitat temperate; Putative plant host Quercus, or Corylus, or Ostrya, or Carpinus, or Tilia, or Populus, or Salix, or Pinus, or Cedrus.

DNA polymorphism. ITS restriction pattern with EcoRI 200-250 bp, or 300-350 bp; SphI 250-300 bp; HincII 50-100 bp, or 100-150 bp, or 400-450 bp; DNA sequence ID of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 regions AF003920.

Mycorrhizae morphology. Mycorrhizae emanting hyphae absent, or rare; anatomy of emanating hyphae: clamps absent; color of emanating hyphae hyaline; color of very tip whitish, or ochre, yellowish brown; color of older parts ochre, yellowish brown, or brown; cystidia present; needle like; color hyaline; intercalate swelling absent; ramification absent; anatomy of the mantle pseudoparenchymatus with rounds cells, or pseudoparenchymatus with epidermoid hyphal cells" like a puzzle".